diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
index 537d5a0..2cd3236 100644
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -43,8 +43,7 @@ $RECYCLE.BIN/
 __MACOSX/
 .AppleDouble
 .LSOverride
-Icon[
-]
+Icon?
 ._*
 .DocumentRevisions-V100
 .fseventsd
diff --git a/frontend/src/hooks/useAnalysisPdf.ts b/frontend/src/hooks/useAnalysisPdf.ts
index fe9663b..aa17924 100644
--- a/frontend/src/hooks/useAnalysisPdf.ts
+++ b/frontend/src/hooks/useAnalysisPdf.ts
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ import { requestPdfExportToken } from '@/api/projects'
 import { notify } from '@/components/ui/toastConfig'
 import { useTheme } from '@/hooks/useTheme'
 import { useLocale } from '@/hooks/useLocale'
+import { useTranslation } from 'react-i18next'
 
 /** Strips characters that would break a download filename across OSes. */
 function sanitizeFileName(value: string) {
@@ -52,6 +53,7 @@ function triggerDownload(blob: Blob, filename: string) {
  * runs the full export flow described in the file header.
  */
 export function useAnalysisPdf() {
+  const { t } = useTranslation('analysis')
   const [isExporting, setIsExporting] = useState(false)
   const { resolved: resolvedTheme } = useTheme()
   const { locale } = useLocale()
@@ -59,7 +61,7 @@ export function useAnalysisPdf() {
   async function handleExportPdf(projectId: string, projectName: string, beforeExport?: () => Promise<void>) {
     const exportUrl = import.meta.env.VITE_PDF_EXPORT_URL
     if (!exportUrl) {
-      notify.error('PDF export service is not configured')
+      notify.error(t('toasts.pdfServiceNotConfigured'))
       return
     }
 
@@ -98,7 +100,7 @@ export function useAnalysisPdf() {
 
       const blob = await response.blob()
       triggerDownload(blob, filename)
-      notify.success(`PDF exported: ${filename}`)
+      notify.success(t('toasts.pdfExported', { filename }))
     } catch (error) {
       notify.error(error instanceof Error ? error.message : 'Failed to export the PDF report')
     } finally {
diff --git a/frontend/src/hooks/useCanvasInteractions.ts b/frontend/src/hooks/useCanvasInteractions.ts
index 9a275e2..ce39f42 100644
--- a/frontend/src/hooks/useCanvasInteractions.ts
+++ b/frontend/src/hooks/useCanvasInteractions.ts
@@ -54,15 +54,17 @@ import type { WorkbenchPanelState } from '@/hooks/usePanelState'
 import { computeSegmentHulls } from '@/lib/segmentVisualization'
 import type { SolarPanel, RoofSegment } from '@/lib/buildingInsights'
 import { PANEL_MODELS, getPanelModel, type PanelModel } from '@shared/types'
+import { useTranslation } from 'react-i18next'
+import type { TFunction } from 'i18next'
 
-function getPlacementErrorMessage(reason: 'bounds' | 'mask' | 'overlap') {
+function getPlacementErrorMessage(t: TFunction, reason: 'bounds' | 'mask' | 'overlap') {
   switch (reason) {
     case 'mask':
-      return 'That placement leaves the detected roof boundary.'
+      return t('toasts.placementMask')
     case 'overlap':
-      return 'That placement overlaps another panel.'
+      return t('toasts.placementOverlap')
     default:
-      return 'That placement leaves the roof image bounds.'
+      return t('toasts.placementBounds')
   }
 }
 
@@ -122,6 +124,7 @@ export function useCanvasInteractions({
   solarPanels,
   roofSegments
 }: UseCanvasInteractionsOptions) {
+  const { t } = useTranslation('workbench')
   const rotationTimeoutRef = useRef<ReturnType<typeof setTimeout> | null>(null)
   const groupRotateStateRef = useRef<{
     snapshots: Map<string, { centerPx: { x: number; y: number }; rotation: number }>
@@ -283,7 +286,7 @@ export function useCanvasInteractions({
     if (!locationId) return
 
     setPendingPanelId(panelId)
-    notify.info('Recomputing panel yield from cached monthly flux data...')
+    notify.info(t('toasts.recomputingPanelYield'))
 
     try {
       const result = await recomputeFlux(locationId, {
@@ -491,7 +494,7 @@ export function useCanvasInteractions({
       // Bounds and mask failures still revert because they are real boundary violations
       if (placementError && (!enteredViaOverlap || (placementError !== 'overlap' && placementError !== 'bounds'))) {
         resetPosition()
-        notify.error(getPlacementErrorMessage(placementError))
+        notify.error(getPlacementErrorMessage(t, placementError))
         return
       }
 
@@ -604,7 +607,7 @@ export function useCanvasInteractions({
           }))
         )
         resetPosition()
-        notify.error(`Group move failed: ${getPlacementErrorMessage(placementError)}`)
+        notify.error(t('toasts.groupMoveFailed', { reason: getPlacementErrorMessage(t, placementError) }))
         return
       }
       moves.push({ id: sp.id, prevCenter, nextCenter })
@@ -615,7 +618,7 @@ export function useCanvasInteractions({
 
     if (!locationId) return
     setPendingPanelId(panelId)
-    notify.info(`Recomputing yield for ${moves.length} panels...`)
+    notify.info(t('toasts.recomputingPanels', { count: moves.length }))
 
     try {
       const batchResponse = await recomputeFluxBatch(locationId, {
@@ -640,7 +643,7 @@ export function useCanvasInteractions({
     } catch {
       bulkUpdatePanels(moves.map((mv) => ({ id: mv.id, center: mv.prevCenter })))
       resetPosition()
-      notify.error('Failed to recompute group move. Positions reverted.')
+      notify.error(t('toasts.groupMoveRecomputeFailed'))
     } finally {
       setPendingPanelId(null)
     }
@@ -675,7 +678,7 @@ export function useCanvasInteractions({
     // Bounds and mask still toast because they are real boundary violations
     if (placementError === 'overlap') return
     if (placementError) {
-      notify.error(getPlacementErrorMessage(placementError))
+      notify.error(getPlacementErrorMessage(t, placementError))
       return
     }
 
@@ -796,7 +799,7 @@ export function useCanvasInteractions({
     if (!locationId || visiblePanels.length === 0) return
 
     setIsModelRecomputing(true)
-    notify.info('Recalculating energy for new panel dimensions...')
+    notify.info(t('toasts.recalculatingDimensions'))
 
     const nextModel = getPanelModel(nextModelId) ?? PANEL_MODELS[1]!
 
diff --git a/frontend/src/hooks/useOverlayImages.ts b/frontend/src/hooks/useOverlayImages.ts
index 5dc1735..a4dd406 100644
--- a/frontend/src/hooks/useOverlayImages.ts
+++ b/frontend/src/hooks/useOverlayImages.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import { useEffect, useState } from 'react'
 import { getOverlayUrl } from '@/api/locations'
 import { notify } from '@/components/ui/toastConfig'
+import { useTranslation } from 'react-i18next'
 
 function useLoadedImage(src: string | undefined) {
   const [image, setImage] = useState<HTMLImageElement | null>(null)
@@ -73,6 +74,7 @@ export function useOverlayImages(
   locationId: string | undefined,
   overlayMode: OverlayMode
 ) {
+  const { t } = useTranslation('workbench')
   const [overlayImageUrl, setOverlayImageUrl] = useState<string | null>(null)
   const [isOverlayLoading, setIsOverlayLoading] = useState(false)
 
@@ -94,7 +96,7 @@ export function useOverlayImages(
       .catch(() => {
         if (!cancelled) {
           setOverlayImageUrl(null)
-          notify.error(`Failed to load ${overlayMode} overlay`)
+          notify.error(t('toasts.overlayLoadFailed', { mode: overlayMode }))
         }
       })
       .finally(() => {
diff --git a/frontend/src/hooks/useWorkbenchSave.ts b/frontend/src/hooks/useWorkbenchSave.ts
index 1a732ee..a2897a5 100644
--- a/frontend/src/hooks/useWorkbenchSave.ts
+++ b/frontend/src/hooks/useWorkbenchSave.ts
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ import { recomputeFluxBatch } from '@/api/locations'
 import { saveLayout } from '@/api/projects'
 import { notify } from '@/components/ui/toastConfig'
 import type { PanelEdit, PanelModel } from '@shared/types'
+import { useTranslation } from 'react-i18next'
 
 /**
  * Inputs to `useWorkbenchSave`.
@@ -53,6 +54,7 @@ export function useWorkbenchSave({
   serializeLayout,
   updatePanelEnergy
 }: UseWorkbenchSaveOptions) {
+  const { t } = useTranslation('workbench')
   const navigate = useNavigate()
   const queryClient = useQueryClient()
   const [isSaving, setIsSaving] = useState(false)
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ export function useWorkbenchSave({
       const serializedLayout = serializeLayout()
       const activePanels = serializedLayout.filter((panel) => panel.status !== 'deleted')
 
-      notify.info(`Recomputing monthly energy for ${activePanels.length} active panels before saving...`)
+      notify.info(t('toasts.recomputingBeforeSave', { count: activePanels.length }))
 
       const batchResponse = await recomputeFluxBatch(locationId, {
         panels: activePanels.map((panel) => ({
@@ -101,7 +103,7 @@ export function useWorkbenchSave({
       })
 
       setIsBatchRecomputing(false)
-      notify.info('Saving the refreshed layout to your project...')
+      notify.info(t('toasts.savingLayout'))
       const updatedProject = await saveLayout(projectId, { editedLayout: nextLayout, selectedPanelModelId })
       queryClient.setQueryData(['project', projectId], updatedProject)
       navigate(`/project/${projectId}/analysis`)
diff --git a/frontend/src/locales/en/analysis.json b/frontend/src/locales/en/analysis.json
index 52db8a6..dc5420f 100644
--- a/frontend/src/locales/en/analysis.json
+++ b/frontend/src/locales/en/analysis.json
@@ -465,5 +465,9 @@
     "creditForfeiture": "Excess credits are forfeited at the end of each calendar year. No cash payment is made for unused credits.",
     "systemCost": "System cost is estimated bottom-up: distributor panel pricing + inverter SKU lookup + roof-type-dependent mounting + electrical BOS + permits + labour markup + installer margin. Assumes mid-tier installer pricing and single-storey installation. Typical Malaysian turnkey quotes land within ±10% of this figure. Always confirm with a licensed SEDA-registered installer.",
     "paybackProjections": "Payback and savings projections do not account for annual maintenance (around RM 500/yr) or inverter replacement (typically needed at year 10 to 15, costing around RM 3,000 to 6,000). Tariff escalation can be configured in Advanced view (default 0%). RP4 revisions in Malaysia have historically trended around 3 to 5% per year. Actual long-term returns may differ."
+  },
+  "toasts": {
+    "pdfServiceNotConfigured": "PDF export service is not configured",
+    "pdfExported": "PDF exported: {{filename}}"
   }
 }
diff --git a/frontend/src/locales/en/workbench.json b/frontend/src/locales/en/workbench.json
index 9bf3150..e73a8b0 100644
--- a/frontend/src/locales/en/workbench.json
+++ b/frontend/src/locales/en/workbench.json
@@ -217,5 +217,18 @@
     "step5Body": "Happy with the layout? Click \"Save & Continue\" to move on to the savings analysis. You can always come back to adjust.",
     "step6Title": "Meet Sol",
     "step6Body": "Stuck or curious? Tap Sol, your friendly solar guide, to ask anything about this layout, your savings, NEM credits, or how solar works in Malaysia."
+  },
+  "toasts": {
+    "recomputingPanelYield": "Recomputing panel yield from cached monthly flux data...",
+    "groupMoveFailed": "Group move failed: {{reason}}",
+    "recomputingPanels": "Recomputing yield for {{count}} panels...",
+    "groupMoveRecomputeFailed": "Failed to recompute group move. Positions reverted.",
+    "recalculatingDimensions": "Recalculating energy for new panel dimensions...",
+    "recomputingBeforeSave": "Recomputing monthly energy for {{count}} active panels before saving...",
+    "savingLayout": "Saving the refreshed layout to your project...",
+    "overlayLoadFailed": "Failed to load {{mode}} overlay",
+    "placementMask": "That placement leaves the detected roof boundary.",
+    "placementOverlap": "That placement overlaps another panel.",
+    "placementBounds": "That placement leaves the roof image bounds."
   }
 }
diff --git a/frontend/src/locales/ms/analysis.json b/frontend/src/locales/ms/analysis.json
index 02a8335..d47d366 100644
--- a/frontend/src/locales/ms/analysis.json
+++ b/frontend/src/locales/ms/analysis.json
@@ -465,5 +465,9 @@
     "creditForfeiture": "Kredit berlebihan dilucutkan pada akhir setiap tahun kalendar. Tiada bayaran tunai dibuat untuk kredit yang tidak digunakan.",
     "systemCost": "Kos sistem dianggarkan secara bawah ke atas: harga panel pengedar + carian SKU penyongsang + pemasangan bergantung pada jenis bumbung + BOS elektrik + permit + markup buruh + margin pemasang. Menganggap harga pemasang peringkat pertengahan dan pemasangan satu tingkat. Sebut harga turnkey Malaysia yang biasa jatuh dalam julat ±10% daripada angka ini. Sentiasa sahkan dengan pemasang berlesen yang berdaftar dengan SEDA.",
     "paybackProjections": "Unjuran bayar balik dan penjimatan tidak mengambil kira penyelenggaraan tahunan (sekitar RM 500/thn) atau penggantian penyongsang (biasanya diperlukan pada tahun 10 hingga 15, kos sekitar RM 3,000 hingga 6,000). Eskalasi tarif boleh dikonfigurasi dalam paparan Lanjutan (lalai 0%). Semakan RP4 di Malaysia secara sejarah cenderung sekitar 3 hingga 5% setahun. Pulangan jangka panjang sebenar mungkin berbeza."
+  },
+  "toasts": {
+    "pdfServiceNotConfigured": "Perkhidmatan eksport PDF belum dikonfigurasikan",
+    "pdfExported": "PDF dieksport: {{filename}}"
   }
 }
diff --git a/frontend/src/locales/ms/workbench.json b/frontend/src/locales/ms/workbench.json
index 28a7645..e126f21 100644
--- a/frontend/src/locales/ms/workbench.json
+++ b/frontend/src/locales/ms/workbench.json
@@ -217,5 +217,18 @@
     "step5Body": "Berpuas hati dengan susun atur? Klik \"Simpan & Teruskan\" untuk beralih ke analisis penjimatan. Anda sentiasa boleh kembali untuk membuat pelarasan.",
     "step6Title": "Kenali Sol",
     "step6Body": "Tersangkut atau ingin tahu lebih lanjut? Tekan Sol, pemandu solar mesra anda, untuk bertanya tentang susun atur ini, penjimatan anda, kredit NEM, atau cara solar berfungsi di Malaysia."
+  },
+  "toasts": {
+    "recomputingPanelYield": "Mengira semula hasil panel daripada data fluks bulanan tersimpan...",
+    "groupMoveFailed": "Pemindahan kumpulan gagal: {{reason}}",
+    "recomputingPanels": "Mengira semula hasil untuk {{count}} panel...",
+    "groupMoveRecomputeFailed": "Gagal mengira semula pemindahan kumpulan. Kedudukan telah dikembalikan.",
+    "recalculatingDimensions": "Mengira semula tenaga untuk dimensi panel baharu...",
+    "recomputingBeforeSave": "Mengira semula tenaga bulanan untuk {{count}} panel aktif sebelum menyimpan...",
+    "savingLayout": "Menyimpan susun atur yang dikemas kini ke projek anda...",
+    "overlayLoadFailed": "Gagal memuatkan lapisan {{mode}}",
+    "placementMask": "Penempatan itu keluar daripada sempadan bumbung yang dikesan.",
+    "placementOverlap": "Penempatan itu bertindih dengan panel lain.",
+    "placementBounds": "Penempatan itu keluar daripada sempadan imej bumbung."
   }
 }
diff --git a/frontend/src/locales/zh/analysis.json b/frontend/src/locales/zh/analysis.json
index 301c9c6..69d6d93 100644
--- a/frontend/src/locales/zh/analysis.json
+++ b/frontend/src/locales/zh/analysis.json
@@ -465,5 +465,9 @@
     "creditForfeiture": "多余积分在每个日历年末失效，未使用的积分不予现金支付。",
     "systemCost": "系统成本自下而上估算：经销商太阳能板定价 + 逆变器型号查询 + 因屋顶类型而异的支架费 + 电气 BOS + 报批费 + 人工加成 + 安装商利润。假设中端安装商定价和单层楼安装。马来西亚典型交钥匙报价通常在此数字的 ±10% 范围内，请务必向持牌 SEDA 注册安装商确认。",
     "paybackProjections": "回本期和节省预测不包含年度维护费（约 RM 500/年）或逆变器更换费（通常在第 10 至 15 年需要，费用约 RM 3,000 至 6,000）。电价涨幅可在高级模式中配置（默认 0%），马来西亚 RP4 历次调整约在每年 3 至 5% 左右，实际长期回报可能有所不同。"
+  },
+  "toasts": {
+    "pdfServiceNotConfigured": "PDF 导出服务尚未配置",
+    "pdfExported": "PDF 已导出：{{filename}}"
   }
 }
diff --git a/frontend/src/locales/zh/workbench.json b/frontend/src/locales/zh/workbench.json
index 5fc75b0..d4a756a 100644
--- a/frontend/src/locales/zh/workbench.json
+++ b/frontend/src/locales/zh/workbench.json
@@ -217,5 +217,18 @@
     "step5Body": "对布局满意了吗？点击「保存并继续」进入节省分析。您随时可以返回调整。",
     "step6Title": "认识 Sol",
     "step6Body": "卡住或想了解更多？点击 Sol，你的太阳能小帮手，可以问任何关于这个布局、节省金额、NEM 净电量积分，或马来西亚太阳能运作方式的问题。"
+  },
+  "toasts": {
+    "recomputingPanelYield": "正在依据已缓存的月度辐照数据重新计算板面发电量……",
+    "groupMoveFailed": "批量移动失败：{{reason}}",
+    "recomputingPanels": "正在重新计算 {{count}} 块板的发电量……",
+    "groupMoveRecomputeFailed": "批量移动重新计算失败，位置已还原。",
+    "recalculatingDimensions": "正在按新的板面尺寸重新计算发电量……",
+    "recomputingBeforeSave": "保存前正在重新计算 {{count}} 块启用板的月度发电量……",
+    "savingLayout": "正在将更新后的布局保存到您的项目……",
+    "overlayLoadFailed": "加载{{mode}}图层失败",
+    "placementMask": "该位置超出了检测到的屋顶范围。",
+    "placementOverlap": "该位置与另一块板重叠。",
+    "placementBounds": "该位置超出了屋顶图像范围。"
   }
 }