diff --git a/src/packs/checker/privacy.rs b/src/packs/checker/privacy.rs
index b749f1b..c9eaf2d 100644
--- a/src/packs/checker/privacy.rs
+++ b/src/packs/checker/privacy.rs
@@ -61,7 +61,6 @@ impl CheckerInterface for Checker {
                         &format!("{}::", private_constant);
                     reference.constant_name.starts_with(namespaced_constant)
                 });
-            dbg!(constant_is_private, constant_is_in_private_namespace);
             if !constant_is_private && !constant_is_in_private_namespace {
                 return Ok(None);
             }
diff --git a/tests/check_test.rs b/tests/check_test.rs
index 4f0d043..66ad17e 100644
--- a/tests/check_test.rs
+++ b/tests/check_test.rs
@@ -48,6 +48,39 @@ fn test_check_with_privacy_dependency_error_template_overrides(
     common::teardown();
     Ok(())
 }
+#[test]
+fn test_check_with_private_constants() -> Result<(), Box<dyn Error>> {
+    let output = cargo_bin_cmd!("pks")
+        .arg("--project-root")
+        .arg("tests/fixtures/privacy_violations_with_private_constants")
+        .arg("check")
+        .assert()
+        .code(1)
+        .get_output()
+        .clone();
+
+    let stripped_stdout = stripped_output(output.stdout);
+
+    // A non-empty `private_constants` list narrows privacy to that list: the listed
+    // constant and its namespace are private, everything else in the pack is public.
+    assert!(stripped_stdout.contains("2 violation(s) detected:"));
+    assert!(stripped_stdout.contains("packs/foo/app/services/foo.rb:3:4\nPrivacy violation: `::Bar` is private to `packs/bar`, but referenced from `packs/foo`"));
+    assert!(stripped_stdout.contains("packs/foo/app/services/foo.rb:7:4\nPrivacy violation: `::Bar::Inner` is private to `packs/bar`, but referenced from `packs/foo`"));
+    assert!(!stripped_stdout.contains("::SomeConcern"));
+
+    // Regression guard: this branch once carried a live `dbg!`, which wrote a pair of
+    // lines to stderr for every reference checked against `private_constants`.
+    let stripped_stderr = stripped_output(output.stderr);
+    assert_eq!(
+        stripped_stderr, "",
+        "expected no stderr output, got:\n{}",
+        stripped_stderr
+    );
+
+    common::teardown();
+    Ok(())
+}
+
 #[test]
 fn test_check() -> Result<(), Box<dyn Error>> {
     let output = cargo_bin_cmd!("pks")
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/privacy_violations_with_private_constants/package.yml b/tests/fixtures/privacy_violations_with_private_constants/package.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/privacy_violations_with_private_constants/packs/bar/app/services/bar.rb b/tests/fixtures/privacy_violations_with_private_constants/packs/bar/app/services/bar.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..842e51b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/fixtures/privacy_violations_with_private_constants/packs/bar/app/services/bar.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+# ::Bar is listed in private_constants, so referencing it is a violation.
+module Bar
+  def bar; end
+end
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/privacy_violations_with_private_constants/packs/bar/app/services/bar/inner.rb b/tests/fixtures/privacy_violations_with_private_constants/packs/bar/app/services/bar/inner.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..27d07b2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/fixtures/privacy_violations_with_private_constants/packs/bar/app/services/bar/inner.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+# ::Bar::Inner is not listed itself, but sits inside the private ::Bar namespace,
+# so referencing it is also a violation.
+module Bar
+  module Inner
+  end
+end
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/privacy_violations_with_private_constants/packs/bar/app/services/some_concern.rb b/tests/fixtures/privacy_violations_with_private_constants/packs/bar/app/services/some_concern.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..484637a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/fixtures/privacy_violations_with_private_constants/packs/bar/app/services/some_concern.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+# ::SomeConcern is defined in packs/bar but is absent from private_constants.
+# A non-empty private_constants list makes everything outside it public, so
+# referencing this is NOT a violation.
+module SomeConcern; end
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/privacy_violations_with_private_constants/packs/bar/package.yml b/tests/fixtures/privacy_violations_with_private_constants/packs/bar/package.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..77e963a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/fixtures/privacy_violations_with_private_constants/packs/bar/package.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+enforce_privacy: true
+private_constants:
+- "::Bar"
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/privacy_violations_with_private_constants/packs/foo/app/services/foo.rb b/tests/fixtures/privacy_violations_with_private_constants/packs/foo/app/services/foo.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b801323
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/fixtures/privacy_violations_with_private_constants/packs/foo/app/services/foo.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+module Foo
+  def references_a_private_constant
+    ::Bar
+  end
+
+  def references_a_constant_in_the_private_namespace
+    ::Bar::Inner
+  end
+
+  def references_a_constant_left_public_by_omission
+    ::SomeConcern
+  end
+end
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/privacy_violations_with_private_constants/packs/foo/package.yml b/tests/fixtures/privacy_violations_with_private_constants/packs/foo/package.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/privacy_violations_with_private_constants/packwerk.yml b/tests/fixtures/privacy_violations_with_private_constants/packwerk.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7a85b9b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/fixtures/privacy_violations_with_private_constants/packwerk.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+# Whether or not you want the cache enabled (disabled by default)
+cache: false