Python tooling, CI, and docs modernization

.github/workflows/ci.yml

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+name: CI
+
+on:
+  push:
+    branches: [main, master]
+  pull_request:
+    branches: [main, master]
+
+concurrency:
+  group: ci-${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.ref }}
+  cancel-in-progress: true
+
+jobs:
+  ruff:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/setup-python@v5
+        with:
+          python-version: "3.12"
+          cache: pip
+      - name: Install tox
+        run: pip install --upgrade pip tox
+      - name: Ruff
+        run: tox -e ruff
+
+  test:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        python-version: ["3.9", "3.10", "3.11", "3.12"]
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/setup-python@v5
+        with:
+          python-version: ${{ matrix.python-version }}
+          cache: pip
+      - name: Install tox
+        run: pip install --upgrade pip tox
+      - name: Unit tests
+        run: tox -e py

.github/workflows/publish.yml

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+# Upload to PyPI when a GitHub Release is published or a version tag is pushed.
+# Configure "pending" trusted publishing on PyPI for this repository before first use.
+
+name: Publish to PyPI
+
+on:
+  release:
+    types: [published]
+  push:
+    tags: ["v*"]
+
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+  id-token: write
+
+jobs:
+  publish:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    environment:
+      name: pypi
+      url: https://pypi.org/p/outerspace
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/setup-python@v5
+        with:
+          python-version: "3.12"
+      - name: Install build
+        run: pip install --upgrade pip build
+      - name: Build wheel and sdist
+        run: python -m build
+      - name: Publish to PyPI
+        uses: pypa/gh-action-pypi-publish@release/v1

.pre-commit-config.yaml

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+repos:
+  - repo: https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff-pre-commit
+    rev: v0.8.4
+    hooks:
+      - id: ruff
+        args: [--fix, --exit-non-zero-on-fix]
+      - id: ruff-format

.readthedocs.yaml

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+# Read the Docs build configuration
+# See https://docs.readthedocs.io/en/stable/config-file/v2.html
+
+version: 2
+
+build:
+  os: ubuntu-24.04
+  tools:
+    python: "3.12"
+
+python:
+  install:
+    - method: pip
+      path: .
+      extra_requirements: [docs]
+
+mkdocs:
+  configuration: mkdocs.yml