Analysis of age-wise employment patterns in rural West Bengal under MGNREGA across financial years 2018-19 to 2021-22, focusing on pandemic-era employment shifts and dependency quotient across age groups.
data/— Raw MGNREGA data (2018-19 to 2021-22)scripts/— Data cleaning and SQL analysis scriptsdashboard.html— Interactive HTML visualization
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Employment peaked in 2019-20 across all age groups
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Sharp decline in 2020-21 due to COVID-19 pandemic
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41-50 age group consistently had highest employment
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24 Parganas South leads district-wise employment
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- Dependency Quotient declined from 3.28 → 2.81 during COVID-19
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Dependent population (61+) became MORE economically active during pandemic
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This contradicts the expected demographic dividend pattern
| Financial Year | DQ Value | Interpretation |
|---|---|---|
| 2018-19 | 3.28 | Pre-pandemic baseline |
| 2019-20 | 2.85 | Early pandemic onset |
| 2020-21 | 2.81 | Peak COVID impact |
| 2021-22 | 3.08 | Partial recovery |
Formula: DQ = Avg % Employment of Working Age (18–60) ÷ Avg % Employment of Dependent Age (61+)
Key Finding: The declining DQ trend during pandemic years indicates that the dependent population increasingly contributed to rural household economics when working-age members lost urban employment — contradicting the projected demographic dividend pattern.
- Python (Pandas) — Data cleaning
- SQL — Data analysis
- Tableau Public — Interactive visualization
- HTML/CSS/JavaScript — Web dashboard
Ministry of Rural Development, Government of India — MGNREGA Portal